How does our sense of taste work?
You have thousands of taste buds in your mouth, mostly on your tongue. You can actually see them if you stick your tongue out in front of a mirror.
These taste buds contain clusters of special cells, called taste receptor cells.

When certain food molecules land on the receptor cells, this excites them, so they send an electrical neuronal signal to your brain via your taste nerve.

The importance of taste
Over the course of evolution, the sense of taste has helped human beings protect themselves from toxic food. Many toxic substances taste bitter and are generally disliked.
The way we perceive taste depends on our experiences with food. It varies a lot from one person to another.